近幾年，打著“鄉(xiāng)村振興，光伏富民”的口號，有很多騙子在各個村莊里游說村民安裝發(fā)電光伏，因此引發(fā)了不少村民的質(zhì)疑，在農(nóng)村屋頂安裝的發(fā)電光伏是否有輻射？對人體到底有沒有危害？

　　In recent years, under the slogan of "rural revitalization, photovoltaic wealth for the people", many scammers have been lobbying villagers in various villages to install power generation photovoltaics, which has caused many villagers to question whether the power generation photovoltaics installed on rural roofs emit radiation? Is there any harm to the human body?

　　在回答大家這個問題時，先帶大家了解一下屋頂光伏的組成和原理。

　　When answering this question, let me first introduce the composition and principle of rooftop photovoltaics.

　　農(nóng)村屋頂光伏的主要配件和工作原理

　　The main accessories and working principle of rural rooftop photovoltaics

　　農(nóng)村屋頂?shù)墓夥l(fā)電板，整個的組成部分，是由光伏電池，光伏方針支架，直流以及匯流箱，以及逆變器和交流配電柜、太陽跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)等設(shè)備組成其實(shí)并不復(fù)雜。

　　The photovoltaic panels on rural roofs are composed of photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic brackets, DC and combiner boxes, as well as inverters, AC distribution cabinets, solar tracking control systems, and other equipment, which are not complicated.

　　屋頂?shù)墓夥灏l(fā)電其實(shí)就是，將太陽光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化成電，直接來說，就是當(dāng)太陽光照射到光伏板上后，光子與半導(dǎo)體在相互的作用下，形成電流。

　　The photovoltaic panels on the roof generate electricity by converting the energy of sunlight into electricity. Simply put, when sunlight shines on the photovoltaic panels, photons and semiconductors interact with each other to form an electric current.

　　再經(jīng)過電流輸出將電能供應(yīng)給需要使用的設(shè)備，或者將溢出的電力輸送給公共的電網(wǎng)。當(dāng)然了，當(dāng)多余的電力國家是給補(bǔ)貼的。

　　Then, through current output, the electrical energy is supplied to the devices that need to be used, or the overflowing power is transmitted to the public power grid. Of course, the government provides subsidies for excess electricity.

　　而且從農(nóng)村房頂?shù)墓夥l(fā)電的過程中，可以看到，這種屋頂?shù)墓夥l(fā)電是沒有所謂的大功率電流和高功率電壓。就連所用的并網(wǎng)電壓，也只不過是我們家里正常使用的電壓，所以不存在電壓過大的危險。

　　Moreover, from the process of photovoltaic power generation on rural rooftops, it can be seen that this type of rooftop photovoltaic power generation does not have the so-called high-power current and high-power voltage. Even the grid connected voltage used is only the normal voltage used in our home, so there is no risk of excessive voltage.

　　要說電的輻射，從小就聽說，不要往高壓電塔下面去，那里有輻射，對莊稼和人體不好等等。

　　When it comes to electrical radiation, I have heard from a young age that one should not go under high-voltage power towers, as there is radiation that is harmful to crops and human health.

　　關(guān)于電的輻射，我們只是說，只有高壓電才會對人體造成一定程度上的輻射，這種輻射叫電離輻射。

　　Regarding electrical radiation, we are only saying that only high-voltage electricity can cause a certain degree of radiation to the human body, which is called ionizing radiation.

　　而要想產(chǎn)生這種電離輻射，設(shè)備的電壓最少也要10kv以上才會對人有影響，這與光伏發(fā)電板所產(chǎn)生那點(diǎn)電力，簡直就是天差地別。

　　To generate this ionizing radiation, the voltage of the equipment must be at least 10kV or higher to have an impact on humans, which is completely different from the electricity generated by photovoltaic panels.

　　我們?nèi)粘Ｊ褂玫恼ｋ妷壕褪?80v的，所以光伏發(fā)電并不會產(chǎn)生大量輻射對人體造成危害，因?yàn)樗臀覀內(nèi)粘Ｊ褂玫碾妷菏窍嗤摹?/p>

　　The normal voltage we use in our daily lives is 380V, so photovoltaic power generation does not produce a large amount of radiation that is harmful to the human body because it is the same as the voltage we use in our daily lives.

　　為了測試農(nóng)村房屋屋頂?shù)墓夥澹欠裾娴臎]有輻射，有人專門拿著儀器對所有的光伏發(fā)電設(shè)備，以及房屋內(nèi)的物品進(jìn)行了測試，測試之后儀器顯示.

　　In order to test whether the photovoltaic panels on the roofs of rural houses really have no radiation, someone specifically used instruments to test all photovoltaic power generation equipment and items inside the houses. After the test, the instruments displayed

　　只有配電箱內(nèi)存在一定的電輻射，這一點(diǎn)輻射和日常生活中的電表箱輻射大致相同，對人體不會產(chǎn)生威脅。

　　Only the distribution box contains a certain amount of electrical radiation, which is roughly the same as the radiation from the electricity meter box in daily life and does not pose a threat to the human body.

　　農(nóng)村光伏是騙人的么？

　　Is rural photovoltaics a scam?

　　屋頂光伏發(fā)電雖然對人的身體沒有危害，但是大家也要擦亮眼睛，不要上了那些黑心公司的當(dāng)。主要是看個人理解，和與光伏公司簽下的合同有沒有“坑”。

　　Although rooftop photovoltaic power generation is not harmful to human health, we should also keep our eyes open and not fall for those unscrupulous companies. It mainly depends on personal understanding and whether there are any "pitfalls" in the contract signed with the photovoltaic company.

　　從十年前起，政府就實(shí)行了光伏發(fā)電工程，主要是為了針對一些貧困地區(qū)和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)進(jìn)行扶貧。不論是針對貧困地區(qū)，實(shí)行的免費(fèi)安裝還是發(fā)放補(bǔ)貼，都是扶貧工作的重要一環(huán)。

　　Since ten years ago, the government has implemented photovoltaic power generation projects, mainly to alleviate poverty in some impoverished and remote areas. Whether it is for impoverished areas, implementing free installation or providing subsidies is an important part of poverty alleviation work.

　　但是光伏項(xiàng)目不止是國家電網(wǎng)可以做，因?yàn)榛鶖?shù)大，數(shù)量多，所以一些光伏公司也可以承接部分項(xiàng)目。有了利潤就有會存在騙局，一些黑心公司利用自己知道的信息差對偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)下手。

　　However, photovoltaic projects are not limited to State Grid Corporation of China. Due to their large base and quantity, some photovoltaic companies can also undertake some projects. With profits, there will be scams, and some unscrupulous companies will take advantage of the information gap they know to target remote areas.

　　以免費(fèi)安裝，國家項(xiàng)目，扶貧項(xiàng)目為噱頭，在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的農(nóng)家里大肆宣傳。甚至告訴農(nóng)民，不需要投資任何東西，只需要占用一塊無人用的房頂就行。

　　Promote free installation, national projects, and poverty alleviation projects as gimmicks in rural areas. Even telling farmers that they don't need to invest anything, just occupy an unused roof.

　　最大的噱頭是“免費(fèi)安裝之后，溢出的電力還能賣給國家，包回本能掙錢”。這樣的言論一出，村里的人們紛紛簽下了合作協(xié)議，在騙子公司的安排下，把自己的房頂給賣了。

　　The biggest gimmick is that "after free installation, the spilled electricity can still be sold to the country, and the money can be earned by buying it back". As soon as such remarks were made, the people in the village signed cooperation agreements and sold their roofs under the arrangement of the scammer company.

　　可是口號喊的是安裝免費(fèi)，在簽完合同之后，騙子露出真面目，告知設(shè)備是需要花錢的，可是合同已經(jīng)簽完了，這時再后悔也無濟(jì)于事了。|

　　But the slogan is that installation is free. After signing the contract, the scammer revealed their true face and told them that the equipment requires money, but the contract has already been signed. Regretting at this point is useless|

　　一些不懂國家實(shí)時政策的農(nóng)民，怎么會對這種國家項(xiàng)目有所戒備呢。

　　How could some farmers who do not understand the real-time policies of the country be wary of such national projects.

　　這些騙子去農(nóng)村后，當(dāng)村民說沒錢不裝的時候，騙子就將國家政策拿出來，哪怕現(xiàn)搜，也能搜的到的“銀行貸款安裝”。

　　After these scammers went to the countryside, when the villagers said they didn't have enough money to install it, the scammers would bring out the national policies. Even if they searched now, they could still find "bank loan installation".

　　而且在銀行的確保下，得知光伏發(fā)電的利潤，在一兩年之內(nèi)就能還清銀行的貸款，而剩下的十幾年的時間里，全部都是個人盈利的。

　　And with the guarantee of the bank, knowing the profit of photovoltaic power generation, the bank loan can be repaid within one or two years, and the remaining ten years are all personal profits.

　　于是就又在貸款合同上按手印，簽字。可是當(dāng)農(nóng)民的銀行貸款成功下來后，騙子將錢拿到手，就聯(lián)系不上了，不給農(nóng)民們安裝了。

　　So he pressed his fingerprint and signed the loan contract again. But when the farmers' bank loans were successfully obtained, the scammers took the money and couldn't contact them, so they stopped installing for the farmers.

　　將電話打過去的時候，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，所撥打的電話全部都變成了空號，曾經(jīng)喊著“免費(fèi)安裝”的那群人都跑路了。

　　When you call over, you will find that all the numbers you dialed have become empty, and the group of people who used to shout 'free installation' have all run away.

　　如果不將安裝光伏的騙子抓住，或者找出合同的漏洞，那么接下來的幾十年內(nèi)，就得自己償還銀行的貸款。

　　If we don't catch the scammers who install photovoltaics or find loopholes in the contract, we will have to repay the bank loans ourselves in the next few decades.

　　不僅如此，只要有利益，詐騙的手段可謂是層出不窮。

　　Moreover, as long as there is profit, the means of fraud are endless.

　　此類詐騙的手段，大多的受害群體是農(nóng)村里的老人，孩子們都在外打工，只有老人在家，一聽能夠掙錢，還能給孩子們減輕負(fù)擔(dān)，再加上本身的防詐騙意識淺薄，才會讓這些騙子得手。

　　The majority of victims of this type of fraud are elderly people in rural areas, with children working outside. Only when the elderly are at home and hear that they can earn money and reduce the burden on the children, coupled with their shallow anti fraud awareness, can these scammers succeed.

　　除了上面所說的這些詐騙手段，安裝光伏發(fā)電板還有著非常明顯的短板弊端。

　　In addition to the fraudulent methods mentioned above, installing photovoltaic panels also has very obvious shortcomings and drawbacks.

　　一、噪音大，不進(jìn)行降噪音處理，前面提到的那個光伏逆變器的聲音，能吵的人根本睡不好覺，長時間處于噪音下，休息不好，工作狀態(tài)不佳，甚至還會造成人體的神經(jīng)衰弱。

　　1、 The noise is loud, without noise reduction treatment, the sound of the photovoltaic inverter mentioned earlier can make it difficult for people to sleep well. Being exposed to noise for a long time can lead to poor rest, poor working conditions, and even cause nervous exhaustion in the human body.

　　二、在合同的時間內(nèi)，農(nóng)民就相當(dāng)于失去了這片房頂?shù)氖褂脵?quán)，因?yàn)榘惭b光伏發(fā)電，是不能拆除屋頂?shù)墓夥姲宓摹?/p>

　　2、 During the contract period, the farmer loses the right to use this roof, as installing photovoltaic power generation cannot remove the photovoltaic panels on the roof.

　　而且農(nóng)民簽訂的房頂安裝合同，大概都是20年左右，相當(dāng)于在這20年內(nèi)，不得拆除屋頂?shù)墓夥O(shè)備，更不能對自己的房屋進(jìn)行大規(guī)模改造。

　　Moreover, the rooftop installation contracts signed by farmers are usually around 20 years, which means that during these 20 years, the photovoltaic equipment on the roof cannot be dismantled, and large-scale renovations of their own houses cannot be carried out.

　　三、具有危害性、雖然前面說的屋頂?shù)陌l(fā)電光伏板對人體是沒有輻射的，但是貿(mào)然安裝光伏，會導(dǎo)致雷擊和火災(zāi)的發(fā)生幾率大幅提高。

　　3、 Although the rooftop photovoltaic panels mentioned earlier do not emit radiation to the human body, installing them recklessly can significantly increase the likelihood of lightning strikes and fires.

　　房屋發(fā)電的利潤

　　Profit from house power generation

　　我們說完弊端，再來聊聊農(nóng)村房屋發(fā)電到底能掙多少錢？

　　After discussing the drawbacks, let's talk about how much money can be earned from electricity generation in rural houses?

　　雖然屋頂安裝光伏項(xiàng)目并不是騙人的，甚至?xí)玫絿业难a(bǔ)貼，但是國家根據(jù)相關(guān)地區(qū)的不同，補(bǔ)貼的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也是不一樣的。

　　Although installing photovoltaic projects on rooftops is not a scam and may even receive subsidies from the government, the subsidy standards vary depending on the relevant regions.

　　第一等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是每KW補(bǔ)貼三毛錢，第二等就是兩毛五，第三等就已經(jīng)降到只剩下兩毛錢。當(dāng)這些多余的電力傳輸給國家電網(wǎng)后，這些錢會直接打到賬戶中，也可以直接抵消電費(fèi)。

　　The first level standard is a subsidy of 30 cents per KW, the second level is 25 cents, and the third level has been reduced to only 20 cents. When these excess electricity are transmitted to the State Grid, the money will be directly transferred to the account or offset against the electricity bill.

　　光伏發(fā)電不但可以解決某些地區(qū)電力匱乏的困難，還能合理利用資源，尤其是那些日照時間充足的貧困地區(qū)，在安裝上光伏發(fā)電后，每年還能得到一筆補(bǔ)貼。

　　Photovoltaic power generation can not only solve the difficulty of power shortage in certain areas, but also make rational use of resources, especially in poverty-stricken areas with sufficient sunshine hours. After installing photovoltaic power generation, they can also receive an annual subsidy.

　　隨著國家的光電產(chǎn)業(yè)飽和，補(bǔ)貼的價格也會持續(xù)下降，想要回本就會更加困難。

　　As the country's optoelectronic industry becomes saturated, the subsidized prices will continue to decline, making it even more difficult to recoup costs.

　　雖然錢變少了，但是這畢竟是國家的光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目，只是因?yàn)槟切_子，讓很多人都上當(dāng)受騙，損失了近期那，也讓國家背了鍋。

　　Although the money has decreased, this is still a national photovoltaic power generation project. It is only because of those scammers that many people have been deceived and lost their recent gains, and the country has also been held responsible.

　　因此才會有很多人覺得國家的光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目是騙人的。對我國的光伏發(fā)電進(jìn)展，產(chǎn)生了很大的阻礙。

　　Therefore, many people believe that the country's photovoltaic power generation projects are deceiving. The progress of photovoltaic power generation in our country has been greatly hindered.

　　所以在屋頂安裝光伏發(fā)電帶來的利益和弊端并不成對比，如果沒有充分了解光伏發(fā)電政策，那么就很容易會為了眼前的這一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)利益，蒙住雙眼，導(dǎo)致自己背負(fù)上貸款或者失去房頂?shù)闹鲃訖?quán)。

　　So the benefits and drawbacks of installing photovoltaic power generation on the roof are not comparable. If you do not fully understand the photovoltaic power generation policy, it is easy to cover your eyes for the small benefits in front of you, resulting in taking on loans or losing the initiative of the roof.

　　安裝房屋上的光伏發(fā)電站是有成本的，并沒有像安裝人員說的那么簡單，隨著成本的不斷降低，依舊大概會投入1-2萬元，大概四五年才能將這些成本給回收過來。

　　Installing a photovoltaic power station on a house comes with a cost, which is not as simple as the installer claims. As the cost continues to decrease, it will still cost around 10000 to 20000 yuan, and it will take about four to five years to recover these costs.

　　而且房屋的光伏板，主要是靠太陽光照，所以在陰天的時候，發(fā)電效率會很低，而且冬天的陽光雖然很充足，但是熱量卻沒有夏天高，所以冬天的發(fā)電效率也會降低。

　　Moreover, the photovoltaic panels in houses mainly rely on sunlight, so the power generation efficiency will be very low on cloudy days. Although there is abundant sunlight in winter, the heat is not as high as in summer, so the power generation efficiency in winter will also decrease.

　　除了發(fā)電問題，還有設(shè)備維護(hù)問題，雖然安裝人員承諾光伏板可以使用近20年，但是光伏板在使用時，經(jīng)歷了風(fēng)吹日曬，所以需要對光伏板進(jìn)行一定的維護(hù)，要不然很容易出現(xiàn)發(fā)電效率低下，設(shè)備損壞的問題。

　　In addition to power generation issues, there are also equipment maintenance issues. Although the installation personnel promise that the photovoltaic panels can be used for nearly 20 years, they have experienced wind and sun exposure during use, so it is necessary to maintain the photovoltaic panels to avoid low power generation efficiency and equipment damage.

　　當(dāng)出現(xiàn)這種問題的時候，就需要繼續(xù)掏錢更換更新設(shè)備了。解決辦法

　　When such a problem occurs, it is necessary to continue paying for the replacement and update of the equipment. terms of settlement

　　希望有關(guān)部門能夠加大對市場的監(jiān)督力度，確立明確的與其相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)，不要讓那些黑心商家鉆了法律的漏洞，而且也希望農(nóng)民朋友在看到這篇文章的時候，能夠?qū)Υ祟愂录右苑纻洹?/p>

　　I hope that relevant departments can increase their supervision of the market, establish clear laws and regulations related to it, and prevent unscrupulous businesses from exploiting legal loopholes. I also hope that farmers can be prepared for such incidents when they read this article.

　　本文由  光伏發(fā)電 友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識請點(diǎn)擊  http://51lib.com.cn/ 真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from photovoltaic power generation For more related knowledge, please click http://51lib.com.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.