在國外太陽能光伏車棚非常普及，它主要是將光伏組件和車棚頂結(jié)合在一起，既能滿足停車需求，又能向電網(wǎng)供電，增加收益，而且光伏發(fā)電節(jié)能環(huán)保。目前，隨著新能源車輛的增多，國內(nèi)也開始大力推廣太陽能光伏車棚，以滿足當(dāng)前停車充電的需求。

Solar photovoltaic car sheds are very popular in foreign countries. It mainly combines photovoltaic modules with the roof of the car sheds, which can not only meet the parking demand, but also supply power to the grid, increase income, and save energy and environmental protection for photovoltaic power generation. At present, with the increase of new energy vehicles, China has also begun to vigorously promote solar photovoltaic car sheds to meet the current demand for parking and charging.

光伏車棚產(chǎn)生背景及特點

Background and characteristics of photovoltaic car shed

光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)是利用太陽能電池直接將太陽能轉(zhuǎn)換成電能的發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。它的主要部件是光伏組件、逆變器、控制器。其特點是可靠性高、使用壽命長、不污染環(huán)境、能獨立發(fā)電又能并網(wǎng)運行，具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

Photovoltaic power generation system is a power generation system that uses solar cells to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Its main components are photovoltaic modules, inverters and controllers. It is characterized by high reliability, long service life, no environmental pollution, independent power generation and grid-connected operation, and has broad development prospects.

光伏車棚應(yīng)運而生，將光伏組件和車棚頂結(jié)合在一起，比在車棚頂部再加裝光伏組件節(jié)省了成本，不但能實現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)車棚的所有功能，還能發(fā)電給業(yè)主帶來收益。一般采用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)支架，簡單、大方、時尚、美觀，且為清潔環(huán)保的新能源，有效緩解社會的環(huán)境和能源壓力。

Photovoltaic car sheds came into being. Combining photovoltaic modules with the roof of the car sheds can save costs compared with installing photovoltaic modules on the roof of the car sheds. It can not only realize all functions of the traditional car sheds, but also generate electricity to bring benefits to the owners. Generally, steel structure support is used, which is simple, generous, fashionable and beautiful, and it is a clean and environment-friendly new energy, effectively relieving the social environmental and energy pressure.

尤其分布式光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)，指采用光伏組件將太陽能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的用戶側(cè)并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。此系統(tǒng)位于用戶附近，所發(fā)電能就地利用，以10千伏及以下電壓等級接入電網(wǎng)，且單個并網(wǎng)點（380V）總裝機(jī)容量不超過6兆瓦的發(fā)電項目，220V用戶側(cè)單個并網(wǎng)點總裝機(jī)容量不超過8千瓦。

In particular, distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system refers to the user-side grid-connected power generation system that uses photovoltaic modules to directly convert solar energy into electric energy. This system is located near the user, and the generated power can be used locally. It is connected to the power grid at the voltage level of 10kV and below, and the total installed capacity of a single grid connection point (380V) does not exceed 6 MW. The total installed capacity of a single grid connection point on the 220V user side does not exceed 8 kW.

光伏車棚的種類

Types of PV car shed

光伏車棚的種類分為雙車位車棚、多車位車棚，大多為模塊化設(shè)計，可單獨使用或多個組合，便于擴(kuò)展，少則幾個車位，多則幾百個車位，靈活性強(qiáng)。若采用普通的光伏組件，整體造價較低。若裝機(jī)容量大，收益率較高，投資回收期短。

The types of photovoltaic car sheds are divided into double-car sheds and multi-car sheds. Most of them are modular design, which can be used alone or in combination, which is easy to expand, from a few parking spaces to hundreds of parking spaces, with strong flexibility. If ordinary PV modules are used, the overall cost is low. If the installed capacity is large, the yield is high and the payback period of investment is short.

光伏車棚的應(yīng)用范圍

Application scope of photovoltaic car shed

工業(yè)園區(qū)可在原有車棚基礎(chǔ)上評估后安裝光伏發(fā)電，學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、小區(qū)等可以根據(jù)光照情況，選車棚頂部能有陽光直射的地方進(jìn)行安裝。另外，還可以建設(shè)智能停車引導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)，以便快速地引導(dǎo)車輛。智能運維系統(tǒng)還可時刻關(guān)注光伏發(fā)電的具體情況。

Photovoltaic power generation can be installed in the industrial park after evaluation on the basis of the original car shed. Schools, hospitals, communities, etc. can choose a place with direct sunlight on the top of the car shed for installation according to the light conditions. In addition, an intelligent parking guidance system can be built to guide vehicles quickly. The intelligent operation and maintenance system can also pay attention to the specific situation of photovoltaic power generation at all times.

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