光伏、光伏效應：全稱為光生伏特效應。是由于物體吸收了光子而產(chǎn)生電動勢的現(xiàn)象。當物體受光照時，物體內(nèi)部的電荷分布狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化而產(chǎn)生電動勢和電流的一種效應。

　　Photovoltaic, photovoltaic effect: The full name is the photovoltaic effect. It is a phenomenon where an object absorbs photons and generates an electromotive force. When an object is illuminated, the distribution of charges inside the object changes, resulting in an effect of electromotive force and current.

　　光伏發(fā)電：利用光生伏特效應，將太陽能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的發(fā)電技術。

　　Photovoltaic power generation: A power generation technology that utilizes the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy.

　　計量單位：瓦（W）、千瓦（KW）、兆瓦（MW）、吉瓦（GW）、太瓦（TW）。

　　Measurement units: watts (W), kilowatts (KW), megawatts (MW), gigawatts (GW), and terawatts (TW).

　　計算公式：1TW=1000GW=1000000MW=1000000000KW=1000000000000W

　　Calculation formula: 1TW=1000GW=1000000MW=1000000000KW=10000000000W

　　1MW=1000KW

　　1MW=1000KW

　　電的能量單位：千瓦時（KWh）即1KWh的電能即為1度電。

　　The energy unit of electricity is kilowatt hours (KWh), which means 1 kilowatt hour of electricity is equivalent to 1 kilowatt hour of electricity.

　　逆變器：太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的關鍵設備之一，其作用是將太陽能電池發(fā)出的直流電轉(zhuǎn)化為符合電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量要求的交流電。

　　Inverter: One of the key equipment in solar photovoltaic power generation systems, its function is to convert the direct current generated by solar cells into alternating current that meets the quality requirements of the power grid.

　　組串式逆變器：組串式逆變器是對幾組（一般為 1-4 組）光伏組串進行單獨的最大功率峰值跟蹤，再經(jīng)過逆變以后并入交流電網(wǎng)，一臺組串式逆變器可以有多個最大功率峰值跟蹤模塊，功率相對較小，主要應用于分布式發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，集中式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。

　　Series inverter: Series inverter is a device that tracks the maximum power peak of several sets (usually 1-4 sets) of photovoltaic strings separately, and then integrates them into the AC power grid after inversion. A series inverter can have multiple maximum power peak tracking modules with relatively small power, mainly used in distributed power generation systems and centralized photovoltaic power generation systems.

　　裝機容量：太陽能電池經(jīng)過串聯(lián)后進行封裝保護可形成大面積的太陽電池組件，再配合上功率控制器等部件就形成了光伏發(fā)電裝置，這種裝置的發(fā)電功率就是裝機容量。

　　Installed capacity: After being connected in series and packaged for protection, solar cells can form large-area solar cell modules, which are combined with power controllers and other components to form a photovoltaic power generation device. The power generated by this device is the installed capacity.

　　容配比：光伏電站的組件容量與逆變器容量之比。（容配比＝光伏系統(tǒng)安裝容量／光伏系統(tǒng)額定容量），在一定范圍內(nèi)適當提高容配比，可以提高其他設備的利用率，攤薄投資成本，降低造價和發(fā)電成本，還可讓輸出更平滑，提高電網(wǎng)友好性。

　　Capacity ratio: The ratio of the component capacity of a photovoltaic power station to the inverter capacity. (Capacity ratio=installed capacity of photovoltaic system/rated capacity of photovoltaic system), appropriately increasing the capacity ratio within a certain range can improve the utilization rate of other equipment, dilute investment costs, reduce costs and power generation costs, and also make the output smoother, improving grid friendliness.

　　AGC：自動發(fā)電控制（Automatic Generation Control），即有功控制系統(tǒng)，接收遠動裝置信號，響應調(diào)度下發(fā)的遙調(diào)指令，通過AGC模塊總策略優(yōu)化計算，使運行數(shù)據(jù)滿足調(diào)度并網(wǎng)要求。

　　AGC: Automatic Generation Control, also known as active power control system, receives signals from remote control devices, responds to remote adjustment instructions issued by scheduling, optimizes and calculates the overall strategy of the AGC module, and ensures that the operating data meets the requirements of scheduling and grid connection.

　　AVC：自動電壓控制（Automatic Voltage Control），即無功電壓調(diào)節(jié)，根據(jù)電網(wǎng)電壓曲線，快速響應調(diào)度指令，自動調(diào)節(jié)無功功率、無功補償裝置等控制策略及響應時間，達到電壓調(diào)節(jié)目標，降低網(wǎng)損。

　　AVC: Automatic Voltage Control, which refers to reactive voltage regulation. Based on the voltage curve of the power grid, it quickly responds to scheduling instructions, automatically adjusts control strategies and response time such as reactive power and reactive compensation devices to achieve voltage regulation goals and reduce network losses.

　　光伏電站低壓穿越技術（Low Voltage Ride Through）：是指當電網(wǎng)故障或擾動引起的光伏電站并網(wǎng)點電壓波動時，在一定的范圍內(nèi)，光伏電站能夠不間斷地并網(wǎng)運行。

　　Low Voltage Ride Through technology for photovoltaic power plants refers to the ability of photovoltaic power plants to operate continuously within a certain range of grid connected voltage fluctuations caused by grid faults or disturbances.

　　平均轉(zhuǎn)換效率：衡量太陽能電池將光能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能能力的指標。太陽能電池的最佳輸出功率與投射到其表面上的太陽輻射功率之比。

　　Average conversion efficiency: an indicator of the ability of a solar cell to convert light energy into electrical energy. The ratio of the optimal output power of a solar cell to the solar radiation power projected onto its surface.

　　平準化度電成本：Levelized Cost of Energy，縮寫為 LCOE，簡稱度電成本。對項目生命周期內(nèi)的成本和發(fā)電量先進行平準化，再計算得到的發(fā)電成本，即生命周期內(nèi)的成本現(xiàn)值/生命周期內(nèi)的發(fā)電量現(xiàn)值。

　　Levelized Cost of Energy, abbreviated as LCOE, abbreviated as kWh cost. The cost and power generation within the project lifecycle are first leveled, and then the power generation cost is calculated, which is the present value of cost over the lifecycle divided by the present value of power generation over the lifecycle.

　　平價上網(wǎng)：包括發(fā)電側平價與用戶側平價兩層含義。發(fā)電側平價指的是光伏發(fā)電即使按照傳統(tǒng)能源的上網(wǎng)電價收購（無補貼）也能實現(xiàn)合理利潤；用戶側平價指的是光伏發(fā)電成本低于售電價格，根據(jù)用戶類型及其購電成本的不同，可分為工商業(yè)、居民用戶側平價。

　　Affordable internet access: includes two layers of meanings: generation side parity and user side parity. Power generation parity refers to the ability of photovoltaic power generation to achieve reasonable profits even if purchased at the grid price of traditional energy sources (without subsidies); User side parity refers to the fact that the cost of photovoltaic power generation is lower than the selling price, and can be divided into industrial, commercial, and residential user side parity based on the type of user and their purchasing cost.

　　標桿上網(wǎng)電價：國家發(fā)改委制定電網(wǎng)公司對集中式光伏電站并網(wǎng)發(fā)電電量的收購價格（含稅）。

　　Benchmark grid electricity price: The National Development and Reform Commission sets the purchase price (including tax) for centralized photovoltaic power station grid connected power generation by power grid companies.

　　發(fā)電設備利用小時數(shù)：一定時期內(nèi)一個地區(qū)平均發(fā)電設備容量在滿負荷運行條件下的運行小時數(shù)，即發(fā)電量與平均裝機容量之比，反映了該地區(qū)發(fā)電設備利用率。其公式為利用小時數(shù)＝發(fā)電量／裝機容量（注意單位）

　　The utilization hours of power generation equipment: the average operating hours of a region's power generation equipment capacity under full load operating conditions during a certain period of time, which is the ratio of electricity generation to average installed capacity, reflecting the utilization rate of power generation equipment in that region. The formula is utilization hours=power generation/installed capacity (pay attention to units)

　　年利用小時數(shù)：發(fā)電機組在1年內(nèi)平均的滿負荷運行時間；在每年的8760h中，發(fā)電設備利用小時數(shù)所占的比重，又稱為“設備利用率”。

　　Annual utilization hours: the average full load operation time of a generator set within one year; The proportion of utilization hours of power generation equipment in the annual 8760 hours is also known as "equipment utilization rate".

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