原理剖析：讓陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為電能

Principle analysis: Convert sunlight into electrical energy

光伏發(fā)電基于半導(dǎo)體的光電效應(yīng)原理。當(dāng)太陽光照射到由 P 型和 N 型半導(dǎo)體組成的光伏電池上時，光子的能量被半導(dǎo)體吸收，使得半導(dǎo)體內(nèi)部的電子獲得足夠能量，從而脫離原子的束縛，產(chǎn)生電子 - 空穴對。在 P 型和 N 型半導(dǎo)體的交界面處，由于存在內(nèi)建電場，電子和空穴會分別向相反方向移動，從而在電池兩端形成電勢差。當(dāng)外部電路接通時，就會有電流流過，實現(xiàn)了太陽能到電能的直接轉(zhuǎn)換。多個光伏電池通過串聯(lián)和并聯(lián)的方式，組成光伏組件，進而構(gòu)建起大規(guī)模的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。

Photovoltaic power generation is based on the principle of semiconductor photoelectric effect. When sunlight shines on a photovoltaic cell composed of P-type and N-type semiconductors, the energy of photons is absorbed by the semiconductor, allowing the electrons inside the semiconductor to gain enough energy to break free from atomic constraints and produce electron hole pairs. At the junction of P-type and N-type semiconductors, due to the presence of an built-in electric field, electrons and holes will move in opposite directions, forming a potential difference at both ends of the battery. When the external circuit is connected, current flows through, achieving direct conversion of solar energy to electrical energy. Multiple photovoltaic cells are connected in series and parallel to form photovoltaic modules, thereby constructing a large-scale photovoltaic power generation system.

顯著優(yōu)勢：多維度引領(lǐng)能源變革

Significant advantage: multidimensional leadership in energy transformation

1. 清潔環(huán)保

1. Clean and environmentally friendly

光伏發(fā)電在發(fā)電過程中不產(chǎn)生溫室氣體排放，也不會釋放有害污染物，從源頭上避免了對空氣、土壤和水源的污染。與傳統(tǒng)化石能源相比，每發(fā)一度電，光伏發(fā)電可減少約 0.8 千克的二氧化碳排放，有效助力全球應(yīng)對氣候變化。

Photovoltaic power generation does not produce greenhouse gas emissions or release harmful pollutants during the power generation process, avoiding pollution of air, soil, and water sources from the source. Compared with traditional fossil fuels, photovoltaic power generation can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 0.8 kilograms per kilowatt hour, effectively helping the world to address climate change.

2. 可再生性

2. Reproducibility

太陽源源不斷地向地球輸送能量，太陽能是一種幾乎取之不盡、用之不竭的可再生能源。這意味著光伏發(fā)電不受化石能源儲量限制，為人類能源供應(yīng)提供了長期穩(wěn)定的保障。

The sun continuously delivers energy to the earth, and solar energy is an almost inexhaustible and renewable energy source. This means that photovoltaic power generation is not limited by fossil energy reserves, providing a long-term stable guarantee for human energy supply.

3. 分布式特性

3. Distributed characteristics

光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)安裝靈活，可根據(jù)需求分散建設(shè)。從家庭屋頂?shù)焦I(yè)廠房，從偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)到城市商業(yè)區(qū)，都能因地制宜地搭建光伏發(fā)電設(shè)施，實現(xiàn)電力的就近生產(chǎn)和消納，降低輸電損耗，提高能源利用效率。

The installation of photovoltaic power generation systems is flexible and can be built in a decentralized manner according to demand. From residential rooftops to industrial plants, from remote mountainous areas to urban commercial areas, photovoltaic power generation facilities can be built according to local conditions to achieve nearby production and consumption of electricity, reduce transmission losses, and improve energy utilization efficiency.

多元應(yīng)用：滲透各領(lǐng)域

Diversified applications: permeating various fields

1. 家庭光伏發(fā)電

1. Household photovoltaic power generation

越來越多家庭在屋頂安裝光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，不僅滿足自身用電需求，多余的電量還能并網(wǎng)出售，為家庭帶來額外收入。這種模式既實現(xiàn)了能源自給自足，又響應(yīng)了環(huán)保理念。

More and more households are installing photovoltaic power generation systems on their roofs, which not only meet their own electricity needs, but also allow excess electricity to be sold on the grid, bringing additional income to households. This model not only achieves energy self-sufficiency, but also responds to environmental protection concepts.

2. 工業(yè)

2. Industry

商業(yè)應(yīng)用

Commercial Applications

許多工業(yè)企業(yè)和商業(yè)場所利用閑置屋頂建設(shè)大規(guī)模光伏發(fā)電站，降低企業(yè)用電成本，提升企業(yè)的社會形象。一些大型商場、酒店還將光伏發(fā)電與建筑一體化設(shè)計，打造綠色建筑典范。

Many industrial enterprises and commercial venues use idle roofs to construct large-scale photovoltaic power plants, reducing their electricity costs and enhancing their social image. Some large shopping malls and hotels also integrate photovoltaic power generation with building design, creating a model of green building.

3. 偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)供電

3. Power supply in remote areas

在電網(wǎng)覆蓋不到的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，光伏發(fā)電為居民生活、農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉、通信基站等提供了可靠的電力保障，改善了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳钯|(zhì)量，推動了偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。

In remote areas where the power grid cannot cover, photovoltaic power generation provides reliable power guarantee for residents' lives, agricultural irrigation, communication base stations, etc., improves the quality of life of local residents, and promotes the economic development of remote areas.

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