分布式光伏發(fā)電是一種新型的發(fā)電方式，它利用光伏組件將太陽(yáng)能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能，具有清潔高效、分散布局、就近利用的特點(diǎn)。這種發(fā)電方式遵循因地制宜、清潔高效、分散布局、就近利用的原則，充分利用當(dāng)?shù)靥?yáng)能資源，替代和減少化石能源消費(fèi)。分布式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)通常安裝在用戶附近的低電壓等級(jí)電網(wǎng)中，如城市建筑物屋頂，必須接入公共電網(wǎng)，與公共電網(wǎng)一起為附近的用戶供電。

Distributed photovoltaic power generation is a new type of power generation method that uses photovoltaic modules to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. It has the characteristics of clean and efficient, decentralized layout, and nearby utilization. This power generation method follows the principles of adapting to local conditions, clean and efficient, decentralized layout, and nearby utilization, fully utilizing local solar energy resources to replace and reduce fossil energy consumption. Distributed photovoltaic power generation systems are usually installed in low-voltage power grids near users, such as on the roofs of urban buildings, and must be connected to the public power grid to supply power to nearby users together with the public power grid.

分布式光伏發(fā)電與集中式光伏發(fā)電的主要區(qū)別在于其規(guī)模和運(yùn)行方式。 集中式光伏發(fā)電通常指的是大型光伏電站，規(guī)模較大，電力通過(guò)升壓及長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸送到電網(wǎng)，再由電網(wǎng)分配給用戶。而分布式光伏發(fā)電則更注重就近發(fā)電、就近并網(wǎng)、就近轉(zhuǎn)換、就近使用的原則，有效提高了發(fā)電效率，減少了電力在升壓及長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸中的損耗。

The main difference between distributed photovoltaic power generation and centralized photovoltaic power generation lies in their scale and operation mode. Centralized photovoltaic power generation usually refers to large-scale photovoltaic power plants, where electricity is boosted and transported over long distances to the grid, and then distributed to users by the grid. Distributed photovoltaic power generation places more emphasis on the principles of nearby power generation, nearby grid connection, nearby conversion, and nearby use, effectively improving power generation efficiency and reducing power losses during boosting and long-distance transportation.

國(guó)家對(duì)分布式光伏發(fā)電的支持政策也體現(xiàn)了對(duì)其重要性的認(rèn)可。例如，國(guó)家大力推廣分布式光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目，以促進(jìn)清潔能源的使用，減少對(duì)化石燃料的依賴，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)減排目標(biāo)。此外，國(guó)家還通過(guò)提供補(bǔ)貼、優(yōu)惠貸款等方式鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)和個(gè)人安裝分布式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。

The national support policies for distributed photovoltaic power generation also reflect recognition of its importance. For example, the country vigorously promotes distributed photovoltaic power generation projects to promote the use of clean energy, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and achieve emission reduction goals. In addition, the government encourages enterprises and individuals to install distributed photovoltaic power generation systems through subsidies, preferential loans, and other means.

安裝分布式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)需要的手續(xù)一般包括向當(dāng)?shù)仉娏Σ块T(mén)提交申請(qǐng)、獲得必要的許可和證書(shū)、以及與電力公司協(xié)商并網(wǎng)事宜。具體的流程和要求可能會(huì)根據(jù)地方政策和規(guī)定有所不同，因此建議在進(jìn)行安裝前詳細(xì)咨詢當(dāng)?shù)仉娏Σ块T(mén)或?qū)I(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)以獲取準(zhǔn)確的信息和指導(dǎo)。

The procedures required for installing a distributed photovoltaic power generation system generally include submitting an application to the local power department, obtaining necessary permits and certificates, and negotiating grid connection matters with the power company. The specific process and requirements may vary depending on local policies and regulations, so it is recommended to consult the local power department or professional institutions in detail before installation to obtain accurate information and guidance.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，分布式光伏發(fā)電是一種具有廣闊發(fā)展前景的能源利用方式，它不僅能夠減少環(huán)境污染，還能夠提高能源利用效率，是實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要手段之一

Overall, distributed photovoltaic power generation is an energy utilization method with broad development prospects. It can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also improve energy utilization efficiency, and is one of the important means to achieve sustainable development