光伏發(fā)電作為新能源發(fā)電的局限性主要有以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　The limitations of photovoltaic power generation as a new energy generation mainly include the following:

　　1氣候?qū)夥l(fā)電影響。采用光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電無(wú)蓄電池方案時(shí)，如果一個(gè)城市上空的氣候大幅變化，將造成電力負(fù)荷的大幅波動(dòng)；當(dāng)一個(gè)城市上空的空氣質(zhì)量比如空氣污染， 或能見(jiàn)度變差比如霧天，陽(yáng)天等都將使光伏發(fā)電在線或?qū)崟r(shí)出力下降。

　　The impact of climate on photovoltaic power generation. When adopting a photovoltaic grid connected power generation scheme without batteries, if the climate over a city changes significantly, it will cause significant fluctuations in power load; When the air quality over a city, such as air pollution or reduced visibility, such as foggy or sunny days, will cause a decrease in the online or real-time output of photovoltaic power generation.

　　2地理位置，光伏發(fā)電設(shè)備基本上只能依附建筑物安裝建設(shè)，也就是所謂的光伏屋頂就地供電。如果離開(kāi)建筑物來(lái)建設(shè)光伏發(fā)電,將會(huì)大大增加成本或者破壞環(huán)境和生態(tài)等都很大程度上影響光伏的發(fā)電量

　　In terms of geographical location, photovoltaic power generation equipment can only be installed and constructed in conjunction with buildings, which is known as on-site power supply on photovoltaic roofs. If we leave buildings to build photovoltaic power generation, it will greatly increase costs or damage the environment and ecology, which will greatly affect the power generation of photovoltaics

　　3容量傳輸局限。在解決了光伏發(fā)電的成本問(wèn)題后,大功率，高電壓，遠(yuǎn)距離從荒漠面積輸送電力到負(fù)荷中心，由于光伏發(fā)電沒(méi)有傳統(tǒng)電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)慣量，調(diào)速器及勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)，將給交流電網(wǎng) 帶來(lái)新的經(jīng)濟(jì)和穩(wěn)定問(wèn)題。不論采用交流或是直流高電壓大功率遠(yuǎn)距離從荒漠地區(qū)輸送電力。

　　3. Capacity transmission limitations. After solving the cost problem of photovoltaic power generation, high-power, high-voltage, long-distance transmission of electricity from desert areas to load centers will bring new economic and stability problems to the AC power grid due to the lack of traditional motor rotational inertia, speed controllers, and excitation systems in photovoltaic power generation. Whether using AC or DC high voltage and high power for long-distance transmission of electricity from desert areas.

　　4光能轉(zhuǎn)換效率偏低。和傳統(tǒng)能源（礦物能源，石油,水能，原子能，等）的轉(zhuǎn)換效率相比，光伏能量的轉(zhuǎn)換效率不能令人滿意。

　　The light energy conversion efficiency is low. Compared with the conversion efficiency of traditional energy sources such as mineral energy, petroleum, water energy, atomic energy, etc., the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic energy is not satisfactory.

　　5晝夜交替。隨著太陽(yáng)照射角度以與晝夜交替的影響, 其發(fā)電量也受影響。

　　5 days and nights alternate. As the angle of solar irradiation changes with the alternation of day and night, its power generation is also affected.

　　相對(duì)這些局限性光伏發(fā)電同時(shí)具體獨(dú)特的優(yōu)越性：

　　Compared to these limitations, photovoltaic power generation also has specific unique advantages:

　　1、太陽(yáng)能儲(chǔ)能巨大無(wú)枯竭危險(xiǎn)。

　　1. Solar energy storage is enormous and poses no risk of depletion.

　　2、安全可靠，無(wú)噪聲，無(wú)污染排放。

　　2. Safe, reliable, noise free, and pollution-free emissions.

　　3、不受資源分布地域的限制，可利用建筑屋面的優(yōu)勢(shì)；例如無(wú)電地區(qū)，以及地形復(fù)雜地區(qū)。

　　3. Not limited by the geographical distribution of resources, the advantages of building roofs can be utilized; For example, areas without electricity and areas with complex terrain.

　　4、無(wú)需消耗燃料和架設(shè)輸電線路即可就地發(fā)電供電。

　　4. Local power generation and supply can be achieved without the need for fuel consumption and the installation of transmission lines.

　　5、能源質(zhì)量高。

　　5. High energy quality.

　　6、使用者從感情上容易接受，美觀。

　　6. Users are emotionally receptive and aesthetically pleasing.

　　7、建設(shè)周期短，獲取能源花費(fèi)的時(shí)間短。

　　7. The construction period is short, and the time required to obtain energy is short.

　　光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)是基于半導(dǎo)體技術(shù)和新能源需求而興起的朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，是未來(lái)全球先進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的制高點(diǎn)。近年來(lái),全球光伏市場(chǎng)幾經(jīng)起落,總體呈現(xiàn)不斷向上發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。

　　The photovoltaic industry is a sunrise industry that has emerged based on semiconductor technology and new energy demand, and is the commanding heights of future global advanced industry competition. In recent years, the global photovoltaic market has experienced several ups and downs, showing an overall upward trend of development.

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