光伏發(fā)電分為分布式與集中式，它們都是將太陽能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能送到電網(wǎng)，所使用的主要設(shè)備也基本一致，只是分布式通常建筑物屋頂，工廠屋頂和蔬菜棚之類的地方，集中式在沙漠和戈壁等地區(qū)。

Photovoltaic power generation can be divided into distributed and centralized modes, both of which convert solar energy into electricity and send it to the grid. The main equipment used is also basically the same, except that distributed modes are usually found on the roofs of buildings, factories, and vegetable sheds, while centralized modes are found in areas such as deserts and Gobi.

　　那么除了安裝的位置不同，還有什么區(qū)別嗎？

So besides the different installation locations, are there any other differences?

　　區(qū)別還是有的，主要有3點：

There are still differences, mainly in three points:

　　1、傳輸距離

1. Transmission distance

　　分布式光伏發(fā)電一般發(fā)的電就地并網(wǎng)，補充當?shù)仉娏?，以供當?shù)睾透浇挠秒娬呤褂?，線損非常低。

Distributed photovoltaic power generation generally generates electricity that is locally connected to the grid, supplementing local electricity for use by local and nearby consumers, with very low line losses.

　　集中式光伏發(fā)電站產(chǎn)生的電力通過高壓并網(wǎng)，將電力一層一層傳送到更高的電壓等級，再將高壓電力傳輸?shù)綎|部地區(qū)，實現(xiàn)西電東輸。

The electricity generated by centralized photovoltaic power plants is connected to the grid through high voltage, transmitting the electricity layer by layer to higher voltage levels, and then transmitting the high voltage electricity to the eastern region, achieving the transmission of electricity from west to east.

　　2、并網(wǎng)電壓等級

2. Grid connected voltage level

　　分布式光伏，通常使用低壓脫扣器并網(wǎng)，分布式并網(wǎng)點的數(shù)量取決于實際情況。

Distributed photovoltaics typically use low-voltage releases for grid connection, and the number of distributed grid connection points depends on the actual situation.

　　3、使用的二次設(shè)備

3. Secondary equipment used

　　由于分布式光伏電站是低壓并網(wǎng)設(shè)備，因此較少用于一次設(shè)備和二次設(shè)備。其中，逆變器通常是壁掛式逆變器，安裝比較簡單，尺寸較小。變壓器也是那種小型變壓器。常用的微機保護包括電能質(zhì)量監(jiān)控，防孤島保護裝置和故障解列。

Due to the fact that distributed photovoltaic power stations are low-voltage grid connected equipment, they are less commonly used for primary and secondary equipment. Among them, inverters are usually wall mounted inverters, which are relatively easy to install and have a smaller size. Transformers are also the type of small transformers. The commonly used microcomputer protection includes power quality monitoring, anti islanding protection devices, and fault isolation.

　　集中式光伏電站因為電壓等級比較高，一般有自己的變電站。升壓站內(nèi)的設(shè)備比較多，一次設(shè)備有站用變、開關(guān)柜、各種互感器、消弧線圈、主變等。二次設(shè)備有微機保護、電度表、調(diào)度數(shù)據(jù)屏等。

Centralized photovoltaic power stations usually have their own substations due to their high voltage levels. There are many equipment in the booster station, including station transformers, switchgear, various transformers, arc suppression coils, main transformers, etc. Secondary equipment includes microcomputer protection, electricity meter, dispatch data screen, etc.

　　現(xiàn)在國家政策支持分布式光伏發(fā)電，分布式光伏裝置的處在人員較多的地方，維護也更加方便。

Nowadays, national policies support distributed photovoltaic power generation, and distributed photovoltaic devices are located in areas with more personnel, making maintenance more convenient.

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