1、 Definition of BIPV and BAPV

BIPV即光伏建筑一體化，是與建筑物同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)、同時(shí)施工和安裝并與建筑物形成完美結(jié)合的太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，也稱為“構(gòu)建型”和“建材型”太陽能光伏建筑。它作為建筑物外部結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分，既具有發(fā)電功能，又具有建筑構(gòu)件和建筑材料的功能，甚至還可以提升建筑物的美感，與建筑物形成完美的統(tǒng)一體。

BIPV, also known as photovoltaic building integration, is a solar photovoltaic power generation system that is designed, constructed, and installed simultaneously with buildings, forming a perfect combination with them. It is also known as a "building type" or "building material type" solar photovoltaic building. As a part of the external structure of a building, it not only has the function of generating electricity, but also has the function of building components and materials. It can even enhance the beauty of the building and form a perfect unity with the building.

BAPV是指附著在建筑物上的太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，也稱為“安裝型”太陽能光伏建筑。它的主要功能是發(fā)電，與建筑物功能不發(fā)生沖突，不破壞或削弱原有建筑物的功能。

BAPV refers to solar photovoltaic power generation systems attached to buildings, also known as "installation type" solar photovoltaic buildings. Its main function is to generate electricity, which does not conflict with the functions of buildings and does not damage or weaken the functions of existing buildings.

簡單來說，BIPV可一物兩用，作為屋頂、天窗、建筑物外立面等的替代物品。我國業(yè)界通常稱BIPV為“光伏建筑”或“光伏建筑一體化”。而BAPV僅為附著安裝在建筑物上的光伏材料，不承擔(dān)建筑物的功能。

Simply put, BIPV can be used as a dual purpose alternative to roofs, skylights, building facades, and more. BIPV is commonly referred to as "photovoltaic building" or "photovoltaic building integration" in the Chinese industry. BAPV, on the other hand, is only a photovoltaic material attached to buildings and does not assume the functions of the building.

二、BIPV和BAPV的不同點(diǎn)

2、 Differences between BIPV and BAPV

兩者不同點(diǎn)在于：BIPV已經(jīng)作為建筑物必不可少的一部分發(fā)揮著建筑材料的作用，不僅能滿足光伏發(fā)電的功能要求同時(shí)還可以兼顧建筑的功能要求，是光伏產(chǎn)品和建筑材料的結(jié)合體，可以替代部分傳統(tǒng)的建筑材料，在建筑設(shè)計(jì)階段進(jìn)行一體化設(shè)計(jì)，在建設(shè)中與建筑主體一體成型。而BAPV建筑中的組件只是通過簡單的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)附著在建筑上，拿開光伏組件后，建筑功能依然完整。

The difference between the two is that BIPV has already played a crucial role as a building material as an essential part of buildings. It can not only meet the functional requirements of photovoltaic power generation but also take into account the functional requirements of buildings. It is a combination of photovoltaic products and building materials, and can replace some traditional building materials. It is integrated in the architectural design stage and integrated with the main body of the building during construction. The components in BAPV buildings are only attached to the building through simple support structures. After removing the photovoltaic components, the building's functionality remains intact.

BIPV將太陽能發(fā)電設(shè)備—太陽電池板設(shè)計(jì)成為各種形式的建筑裝飾材料，取代玻璃幕墻、外墻裝飾石材、屋頂瓦等傳統(tǒng)建筑材料，同時(shí)作為太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，為用電負(fù)載提供綠色、環(huán)保、清潔的電力。BIPV已經(jīng)為建筑物不可分割的一部分，光伏組件起到了遮風(fēng)擋雨和隔熱的功能，拿開光伏組件之后，建筑將失去這些功能。而BAPV不會(huì)增加建筑物的防水、遮風(fēng)的性能。而且，BAPV會(huì)增加建筑負(fù)載，影響建筑的整體效果，另外，對建筑物表面來說，BAPV還存在重復(fù)建設(shè)的問題，嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)了建筑材料。

BIPV designs solar power generation equipment - solar panels - as various forms of building decoration materials, replacing traditional building materials such as glass curtain walls, exterior wall decorative stones, and roof tiles. At the same time, BIPV serves as a solar photovoltaic power generation system to provide green, environmentally friendly, and clean electricity for electrical loads. BIPV has become an integral part of buildings, and photovoltaic modules play a role in sheltering from wind, rain, and insulation. Once the photovoltaic modules are removed, the building will lose these functions. And BAPV will not increase the waterproof and windproof performance of buildings. Moreover, BAPV will increase the building load and affect the overall effect of the building. In addition, for the surface of the building, BAPV also has the problem of repeated construction, seriously wasting building materials.

BIPV結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)遵循“建筑材料”相關(guān)規(guī)范與技術(shù)要求，并非簡單機(jī)械化地“綁在一起”，而是高度集中一體化，為“1+1=1”。而BAPV是分體式的，可分開使用，光伏組件拆解下來依然可以獨(dú)立使用。

The BIPV structure should follow the relevant specifications and technical requirements of "building materials", not simply mechanically "tied together", but highly centralized and integrated, with "1+1=1". And BAPV is a split type that can be used separately, and the photovoltaic modules can still be used independently after disassembly.

光伏與建筑的結(jié)合，能夠有效降低建筑用能，大力發(fā)展低碳、零碳建筑，對于節(jié)能減排、保護(hù)環(huán)境具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。

The combination of PV and buildings can effectively reduce building energy consumption, vigorously develop low-carbon and zero carbon buildings, and has important practical significance for energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.

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