The grid connected photovoltaic power generation system consists of a photovoltaic cell array, a controller, and a grid connected inverter, which directly feeds electrical energy into the public grid through the grid connected inverter. By directly inputting electrical energy into the power grid, there is no need to configure batteries, which saves the process of battery energy storage and release, reduces energy loss, saves space occupied, system investment and maintenance, and reduces costs; On the other hand, the power generation capacity can be large and can ensure the reliability of the power supply for electrical equipment. However, due to the parallel connection between the inverter output and the power grid, it is necessary to maintain the consistency of electrical characteristics such as voltage, phase, and frequency between the two sets of power sources, otherwise it will cause mutual charging and discharging between the two sets of power sources, causing internal friction and instability of the entire power system.

1.并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)幾種形式

1. Several forms of grid connected photovoltaic power generation system

并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)是目前發(fā)展為迅速的太陽能光伏發(fā)電應(yīng)用方式，隨著光伏建筑一體化的飛速發(fā)展，各種各樣的并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)都得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)包括如下幾種形式：

Grid connected photovoltaic power generation system is currently the fastest developing application of solar photovoltaic power generation. With the rapid development of photovoltaic building integration, various grid connected photovoltaic power generation systems have been widely used. The grid connected photovoltaic power generation system includes the following forms:

①純并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。

① Pure grid connected photovoltaic power generation system.

②具有UPS功能的并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。

② A grid connected photovoltaic power generation system with UPS function.

③并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電混合系統(tǒng)。

③ Grid connected photovoltaic power generation hybrid system.

2.并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)優(yōu)點(diǎn)

2. Advantages of grid connected photovoltaic power generation system

太陽能并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)通過把太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，不經(jīng)過蓄電池儲(chǔ)能，直接通過并網(wǎng)逆變器，把電能并入電網(wǎng)。太陽能并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)代表了太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向，是21世紀(jì)具吸引力的能源利用技術(shù)。與離網(wǎng)太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)相比，并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)具有以下優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

The solar grid connected photovoltaic power generation system converts solar energy into electrical energy, without storage batteries, and directly integrates electrical energy into the grid through grid connected inverters. The solar grid connected photovoltaic power generation system represents the development direction of solar photovoltaic power generation systems and is the most attractive energy utilization technology in the 21st century. Compared with off grid solar photovoltaic power generation systems, grid connected photovoltaic power generation systems have the following advantages:

①利用清潔干凈、可再生的太陽能發(fā)電，不耗用不可再生資源，使用中無溫室氣體和污染物排放，與生態(tài)環(huán)境和諧，符合經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。

① Utilizing clean and renewable solar power generation, without consuming non renewable resources, without greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions during use, is in harmony with the ecological environment, and is in line with the sustainable development strategy of the economy and society.

②所發(fā)電能饋入電網(wǎng)，以電網(wǎng)為儲(chǔ)能裝置，省掉蓄電池，比離網(wǎng)太陽能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)投資可減少35％～45％，從而使發(fā)電成本大為降低。省掉蓄電池并可提高系統(tǒng)的平均無故障時(shí)間和蓄電池的二次污染。

② The generated energy is fed into the power grid and used as an energy storage device, eliminating the need for batteries. Compared to the construction investment of off grid solar photovoltaic power generation systems, the investment can be reduced by 35% to 45%, thereby greatly reducing the cost of power generation. Eliminating batteries can improve the average time between failures of the system and the secondary pollution of batteries.

③在設(shè)計(jì)中使太陽能電池組件與建筑物完美結(jié)合，既可發(fā)電又能作為建筑材料和裝飾材料，使物質(zhì)資源充分利用發(fā)揮多種功能，不但有利于降低建設(shè)費(fèi)用，并且還使建筑物科技含量提高。

③ In the design, the perfect combination of solar cell modules with buildings can generate electricity and serve as building materials and decorative materials, fully utilizing material resources and exerting various functions. This not only helps to reduce construction costs, but also improves the technological content of buildings.

④分布式建設(shè)，就近就地分散發(fā)供電，并入和退出電網(wǎng)靈活，既有利于增強(qiáng)電力系統(tǒng)抵御自然災(zāi)害的能力，又有利于改善電力系統(tǒng)的負(fù)載平衡，并可降低輸電線路損耗。

④ Distributed construction, with locally distributed power generation and supply, and flexible integration and exit from the power grid, not only enhances the ability of the power system to withstand natural disasters, but also improves the load balance of the power system and reduces transmission line losses.

⑤可起調(diào)峰作用。并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)是世界各發(fā)達(dá)在光伏應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域競相發(fā)展的熱點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)，是世界太陽能光伏發(fā)電的主流發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，市場(chǎng)巨大，前景廣闊。

⑤ It can play a peak shaving role. Grid connected photovoltaic power generation system is a hot and key development topic in the photovoltaic application field in developed countries around the world, and it is the mainstream development trend of solar photovoltaic power generation in the world. The market is huge and the prospects are broad.