光伏電池是一種具有光-電轉(zhuǎn)換特性的半導體器件,它直接將太陽輻射能轉(zhuǎn)換成直流電,是光伏發(fā)電的基本單元。光伏電池特有的電特性是借助于在晶體硅中摻入某些元素(例如:磷或硼等),從而在材料的分子電荷里造成永久的不平衡,形成具有特殊電性能的半導體材料。在陽光照射下,具有特殊電性能的半導體內(nèi)可以產(chǎn)生自由電荷,這些自由電荷定向移動并積累,從而在其兩端形成電動勢,當用導體將其兩端閉合時便產(chǎn)生電流。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“光生伏特效應”,簡稱“光伏效應”。
Photovoltaic cells are semiconductor devices with photovoltaic conversion characteristics, which directly convert solar radiation into direct current. They are the most basic unit of photovoltaic power generation. The unique electrical characteristics of photovoltaic cells are the incorporation of certain elements (such as phosphorus or boron) into crystalline silicon, resulting in permanent imbalances in the molecular charge of the material, forming semiconductor materials with special electrical properties. Under sunlight, free charges can be generated in semiconductors with special electrical properties. These free charges move and accumulate in a directional manner, forming an electromotive force at both ends. When conductors are used to close both ends, a current is generated. This phenomenon is known as the "photovoltaic effect," or "photovoltaic effect.".
光伏發(fā)電的組成
Composition of photovoltaic power generation
分布式光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)由光伏方陣(光伏方陣由光伏組件串并聯(lián)而成)、光伏逆變器、光伏支架、光伏并網(wǎng)箱、控制器(可選)、蓄電池組(可選)、交直流電纜等部分組成,發(fā)電售電給電網(wǎng),獲得相應收入。
The distributed photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a photovoltaic array (photovoltaic array is composed of photovoltaic modules in series and parallel), a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic bracket, a photovoltaic grid box, a controller (optional), a battery pack (optional), and AC/DC cables. It generates electricity and sells it to the national power grid to obtain corresponding revenue.
太陽能資源取之不盡,用之不竭,而且太陽能在地球上分布廣泛,只要有光照的地方就可以使用光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng),不受地域、海拔等因素的限制。

Solar energy resources are inexhaustible, and solar energy is widely distributed on the earth. As long as there is light, photovoltaic power generation systems can be used, regardless of geographical and altitude constraints.
光伏發(fā)電本身不使用燃料,不排放包括溫室氣體和其它廢氣在內(nèi)的任何物質(zhì),不污染空氣,不產(chǎn)生噪聲,對環(huán)境友好,不會遭受能源危機或燃料市場不穩(wěn)定而造成的沖擊,是真正綠色環(huán)保的新型可再生能源。
Photovoltaic power generation itself does not use fuel, does not emit any substances including greenhouse gases and other exhaust gases, does not pollute the air, does not generate noise, is environmentally friendly, and does not suffer the impact of energy crises or instability in the fuel market. It is a truly green and environmentally friendly new type of renewable energy.
光伏發(fā)電無機械傳動部件,操作、維護簡單,運行穩(wěn)定可靠。
Photovoltaic power generation has no mechanical transmission components, simple operation and maintenance, and stable and reliable operation.
光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)工作性能穩(wěn)定可靠,使用壽命長,晶體硅太陽能電池壽命可長達20-35年。
Photovoltaic power generation systems have stable and reliable performance and long service life. The life of crystalline silicon solar cells can be as long as 20-35 years.
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