光伏發(fā)電是利用半導(dǎo)體界面的光生伏特效應(yīng)而將光能直接轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡娔艿囊环N技術(shù)，那你知道光伏發(fā)電的主要原理是什么效應(yīng)內(nèi)容嗎？

Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. Do you know what the main principle of photovoltaic power generation is?

實際上光伏發(fā)電主要由太陽能電池板（組件）、控制器和逆變器三大部分組成，主要部件由電子元器件構(gòu)成。太陽能電池經(jīng)過串聯(lián)后進(jìn)行封裝保護(hù)可形成大面積的太陽能電池組件，再配合上功率控制器等部件就形成了光伏發(fā)電裝置。

In fact, photovoltaic power generation is mainly composed of solar panels (modules), controllers and inverters, and the main components are composed of electronic components. After the solar cells are connected in series, they can be packaged and protected to form a large area of solar cell modules, which together with power controller and other components form a photovoltaic power generation device.

光伏發(fā)電的主要原理是半導(dǎo)體的光電效應(yīng)。光子照射到金屬上時，它的能量可以被金屬中某個電子全部吸收，電子吸收的能量足夠大，能克服金屬內(nèi)部引力做功，離開金屬表面逃逸出來，成為光電子。硅原子有4個外層電子，如果在純硅中摻入有5個外層電子的原子如磷原子，就成為N型半導(dǎo)體。

The main principle of photovoltaic power generation is the photoelectric effect of semiconductor. When a photon shines on a metal, its energy can be fully absorbed by an electron in the metal. The energy absorbed by the electron is large enough to overcome the internal gravity of the metal to do work, escape from the metal surface and become a photoelectron. Silicon atom has four outer electrons. If pure silicon is doped with atoms with five outer electrons, such as phosphorus atoms, it becomes an N-type semiconductor.

若在純硅中摻入有3個外層電子的原子如硼原子，形成P型半導(dǎo)體。當(dāng)P型和N型結(jié)合在一起時，接觸面就會形成電勢差，成為太陽能電池。當(dāng)太陽光照射到P-N結(jié)后，電流便從P型一邊流向N型一邊，形成電流。

If pure silicon is doped with atoms with three outer electrons, such as boron atoms, a P-type semiconductor is formed. When P type and N type are combined, the contact surface will form a potential difference and become a solar cell. When the sunlight shines on the P-N junction, the current flows from the P side to the N side, forming a current.

光伏發(fā)電過程簡單，沒有機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)動部件，不消耗燃料，不排放包括溫室氣體在內(nèi)的任何物質(zhì)，無噪聲、無污染。太陽能資源分布廣泛且取之不盡、用之不竭。

The photovoltaic power generation process is simple, without mechanical rotating parts, no fuel consumption, no emission of any substance including greenhouse gases, no noise, no pollution. Solar energy resources are widely distributed and inexhaustible.

因此，與風(fēng)力發(fā)電、生物質(zhì)能發(fā)電和核電等新型發(fā)電技術(shù)相比，光伏發(fā)電是一種具可持續(xù)發(fā)展理想特征的可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù) 。您有什么需求隨時來我們網(wǎng)站http://51lib.com.cn進(jìn)行咨詢吧！

Therefore, compared with new power generation technologies such as wind power generation, biomass power generation and nuclear power, photovoltaic power generation is a renewable energy power generation technology with ideal characteristics of sustainable development. Come to our website whenever you have any needs http://51lib.com.cn Consult!